ASBOG Practice Exam 2025 – 400 Free Practice Questions to Pass the Exam

Sedimentary rock is primarily formed through the processes of weathering and erosion. When existing rocks are subjected to weathering, they break down into smaller particles or sediments. These sediments can be transported by natural forces such as water, wind, and ice. As these materials accumulate, they can undergo compaction and cementation over time, leading to the formation of sedimentary rocks. This process is critical because it allows for the deposition of sediments in various environments, such as riverbeds, lakes, and ocean floors, where the conditions are suitable for lithification.

In contrast, igneous rocks form from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. This process is unrelated to the weathering and erosion that characterizes sedimentary rock formation. Metamorphic rocks are created from existing rocks (either sedimentary or igneous) that have been subjected to high pressure and temperature, which also does not involve weathering and erosion as a primary mechanism of formation. Volcanic rock is a specific type of igneous rock that forms from lava erupted onto the surface, again distinctly unrelated to weathering and erosion.